Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

Evaluation of the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) and Radiation Dose to the Radiosensitive Organs in Pediatric Pelvic Radiography

Vahid Karami; Mansoursour Zabihzadeh; Mohammad Keshtkar

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5013-5022

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22364.1873

Abstract

Background Patients' dosimetry is crucial in order to enhance radiation protection optimization and to deliver low radiation dose to the patients in a radiological procedure. The aim ... Read More Background Patients' dosimetry is crucial in order to enhance radiation protection optimization and to deliver low radiation dose to the patients in a radiological procedure. The aim of this study was to assess the entrance surface dose (ESD) and radiation dose to the radiosensitive organs in pediatric pelvic radiography. Materials and Methods The studied population included 98 pediatric patients of both genders referred to anteroposterior (AP) projection of pelvic radiography. The radiation dose was directly measured using high radiosensitive cylindrical lithium fluoride thermo-luminescent dosimeters (TLD-GR200). Two TLDs were placed at the center point of the radiation field to measure the ESD of pelvis. Moreover for each patient, 2 TLDs were placed upon each eyelid, 2 TLDs upon each breast, 2 TLDs upon the surface anatomical position of the thyroid gland and finally 2 TLDs at the surface anatomical position of the gonads to measure the received dose. Results The ESD ± standard deviation for AP pelvic radiography was obtained 591.7±76 µGy. Statistically significant difference was obtained between organs located outside and inside of the radiation field with respect to dose received (P<0.001), as well as between the average dose received by the breast and lens of the eyes (P<0.05). There was no difference between boys and girls with respect to average ESD, while the testes dose was statistically non-significantly lower than ovaries dose. Conclusion The ESD received by patients are relatively accordance to the international recommendations. However further reduction in patients' dose in achievable by adherence to the radiation protection optimization guidelines. The data presented in our study will serve as a baseline needed for deriving local reference doses for pediatric pelvic radiography in our hospital. The study is expected to increase the awareness of medical professionals about the radiation doses in pediatric pelvic radiography.

Clinical Pharmacology of Ciprofloxacin in Neonates: Effects and Pharmacokinetics

Gian Maria Pacifici; Giovanna Marchini

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5023-5041

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23193.1952

Abstract

Ciprofloxacin is the most commonly used fluoroquinolone. Ciprofloxacin is prescribed for 1 in 44 Americans. Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic, effective against ... Read More

Effect of Education Based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on Anemia Preventive Behaviors among Iranian Girl Students

Naseh Ghaderi; Mohammad Ahmadpour; Nadia Saniee; Fattaneh Karimi; Chiman Ghaderi; Hamed Mirzaei

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5043-5052

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22051.1844

Abstract

Background Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional problem and one of the main reasons of anemia especially in girls. This study was designed to determine the effect of combined ... Read More

The Effect of Oral Zinc Sulfate on Serum Bilirubine Level in Term Neonates with Jaundice

Mousa Ahmadpour-kacho; Yadollah Zahed Pasha; Bahram Ranjbar; Mehdi Pouramir; Karimollah Hajian; Mohammad Pounasrollah

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5053-5060

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23103.1937

Abstract

Background The most commonly used treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) are phototherapy and exchange transfusion. Among the drug therapy for NH less has been paid to the effect ... Read More

Application of the Topical Hydrocortisone Ointment Decreases Post-Circumcision Meatal Stenosis in Neonates: A Cross-Sectional Study

Amrollah Salimi; Mahsa Besharati; Shervin Rashidi Nia; Sara Shahmoradi; Seyyed Shahin Eftekhari

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5061-5067

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23023.1927

Abstract

Background: Meatal stenosis is of common late complication of neonatal circumcision, albeit the appropriate post-operative care and conventional consumption of topical agents such as ... Read More

Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index among First-grade Elementary Students in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran

Mahdi Babaei Hatkehlouei; Hamed Tari; Amir Hossein Goudarzian; Haleh Hali

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5069-5077

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22650.1891

Abstract

Background Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) indicator is one of the most epidemiologic indexes in dentistry indicating the situation of oral and dental health among people ... Read More

Comparing the Parenting Role Tasks in Parents of Children with Mental/Physical Disabilities

Azade Riyahi; Samira Yazdani Ghadikolaee; Malihe Kolagar; Azade Azami Sarukolaii; Hosseinali Abdolrazaghi; Fatemeh Rafiei; Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5079-5089

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22803.1910

Abstract

Background The role of parents during childhood is very important. Imbalances in parenting roles may cause severe emotional and physical injuries in children. The current study aimed ... Read More

Health Promoting Behaviors among University Students: A Case-Sectional Study of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

Nafiseh Montazeri; Neda Kianipour; Babak Nazari; Arash Ziapour; Saeedeh Bakhshi

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5091-5099

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.8631

Abstract

Background The health promoting behaviors determine the health status in the present and future. The medical students, as developers and providers of professional care, play ... Read More

Effect of Family-centered Intervention in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit on Anxiety of Parents

Mohammad ArshadiBostanabad; Hossein NamdarArshatnab; Masoumeh Balila; Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi; Kobra Ravanbakhsh

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5101-5111

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22174.1854

Abstract

Background Birth of a premature infant and hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a stressful phenomenon and lead to parents’ anxiety. In such situation, ... Read More

Determining the Content of a Pediatric Asthma Website from Parents’ Perspective: The Internet Use and Information Needs

Rezvan Ansari; Leila Ahmadian; Nasrin Bazargan Harandi; Moghadameh Mirzai

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5113-5123

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22367.1877

Abstract

Background The acquisition of knowledge by parents of children with asthma plays an important role in the treatment of children. Thus, it is important to understand their needs and ... Read More

The Effectiveness of Education Based on BASNEF Model on Promoting Preventive Behavior of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Students

Abedin Saghafipour; Jalil Nejati; Ehssan Mozaffari; Fatemeh Rezaei; Zabihollah Gharlipour; Mahdi Mirheydari

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5125-5136

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22373.1875

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) is considered as one of the issues and problems of public health in most tropicalparts of Iran. The CL is a very important disease, because of ... Read More Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) is considered as one of the issues and problems of public health in most tropicalparts of Iran. The CL is a very important disease, because of its dermal lesions on patient’s bodies. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of education based on BASNEF model on promoting preventive behavior of CL among students. Materials and Methods This study was a quasi-experimental study which was performed on 192 middle school students that resident in endemic areas of Qom province- Iran based on BASNEF model. Students were divided into several groups then they were selected as experimental and control groups using cluster sampling method; Data collection was done by researchers made Questionnaire before and two months after intervention. After two months of students training, the data were collected again and analyzed via Chi- square, t- independent, and generalized linear model (GLM) statistics. Results: The findings showed that 46.95% and 46.1% of students were males in experimental and control groups, respectively. The mean age in experimental and control groups were 13.8±1 and 13.9±9 years old, respectively.There was no significant difference in term of demographic data in experimental group in comparison of control group (P>0.05). Mean scores of knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, behavioral intentions and behavior as components of BASNEF Model increase significantly two months after the educational intervention among experimental group comparing to control group (P<0.05). Mean scores in subjective norms among students has increased, but there was no significant relationship between subjective norms in experimental group in comparison of control group (P >0.05). Conclusion: According to the finding, educational intervention based on BAZNEF model can elevate knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, behavioral intentions and behavior of students for prevention and control of CL.

The Risk Factors in Children with Simple and Complex Febrile Seizures: An Epidemiological Study

Alireza Eskandarifar; Asadolah Fatolahpor; Gamileh Asadi; Ebrahim Ghaderi

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5137-5144

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22000.1840

Abstract

Background Febrile seizure is the most common seizure disorders. Febrile seizure is divided into two groups of simple and complex seizures. The aim of this epidemiological study ... Read More

Beneficial Impression of San-ligation over High-ligation during Orchidopexy; a Cross-Sectional of 2659 Patients

Amrollah Salimi; Sara Shahmoradi; Shervin Rashidi Nia; Seyyed Shahin Eftekhari

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5145-5152

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23372.1961

Abstract

Background The ligation of the patent processus vaginalis (PPV) is the challenging issue during the orchidopexy in the patients who suffering undescended testis (UDT). In the present ... Read More

Radioprotection to the Gonads in Pediatric Pelvic Radiography: Effectiveness of Developed Bismuth Shield

Vahid Karami; Mansour Zabihzadeh; Nasim Shams; Mehrdad Golami

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5153-5166

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23116.1939

Abstract

Background: The use and effectiveness of traditional lead gonad shields in pediatric pelvic radiography has been challenged by several literatures over the past two decades. The aim ... Read More Background: The use and effectiveness of traditional lead gonad shields in pediatric pelvic radiography has been challenged by several literatures over the past two decades. The aim of this study was to develop a new radioprotective gonad shields to be use in pediatric pelvic radiography. Materials and Methods: The commercially available 0.06 mm lead equivalent bismuth garment has cropped squarely and used as ovarian shield to cover the entire region of pelvis. In order to prevent deterioration of image quality due to beam hardening artifacts, a 1-cm foam as spacer was located between the shield and patients pelvis. Moreover, we added a lead piece at the cranial position of the bismuth garment to absorb the scatter radiations to the radiosensitive organs. In girls, 49 radiographs with shield and 46 radiographs without shield was taken. The radiation dose was measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Image quality assessments were performed using the European guidelines. For boys, the lead testicular shields was developed using 2 cm bismuth garment, added to the sides. The prevalence and efficacy of testicular shields was assessed in clinical practice fromFebruary 2016 to June 2016. Results: Without increasing the dose to the breast, thyroid and the lens of the eyes, the use of bismuth shield has reduced the entrance skin dose(ESD) of the pelvis and radiation dose to the ovaries by 62.2% and 61.7%, respectively (P<0.001). Image quality remained diagnostically acceptable in all shielded and non-shielded images, without non-diagnostic or poor quality image. In boy patients, the prevalence of shielding in lead and developed testicular shields were obtained 63.25% and 19.74%, respectively; the accuracy positioning of the shield 90% and 34%, as well as. Conclusion: The ovarian shield designed in this study has significantly reduced the radiation dose to the ovaries without adversely affecting diagnostically image quality. The testicular shield has improved the accuracy positioning of the shield. These developed shields have potential to be use in clinical practice.

Effects of Abdominal Massage and Non-Nutritive Sucking on Physiological Parameters of Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)

Alehe Seyyedrasooli; Malihe Asadollahi; Homa Babaei; Saeed Musavi; Sharareh Kiani

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5167-5181

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23025.1928

Abstract

Background: Despite the reduction of infant mortality in the world, complication of preterm birth is a major cause of infant mortality. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect ... Read More

Living with Worry: The Experience of Mothers with Deaf Child

Hossein Ebrahimi; Eissa Mohammadi; Akbar Pirzadeh; Mahmood Shamshiri; Mohammad Ali Mohammadi

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5183-5193

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22743.1914

Abstract

Background Born of a child with hearing loss is a stressful and unexpected experience for the parents. Understanding the experience of the mothers of children with hearing loss is a ... Read More

First Report of A Unique Presentation of Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Following Type I Esophageal Atresia; A Case Report

Amrollah Salimi; Abolfazl Iranikhah; Shervin Rashidi Nia; Seyed Shahin Eftekhari; Sara Shahmoradi

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5195-5198

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23442.1972

Abstract

Combination of congenital esophageal atresia and subsequent hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a rare condition which occurs in early ... Read More

Adequacy of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) Surveillance Indicators for Iran in 2016

Salman Khazaei; Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi; Zohreh Anbari

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5199-5201

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23244.1955

Abstract

Eradication of polio as a largest public health innovation is led by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the world (1). The main strategies to reach this goal included improved routine ... Read More

The Relationship of Vitamin D and Calcium level with Preeclampsia Severity: A Case- control Study

Sima Hashemipour; Neda Esmailzadehha; Amir Ziaee; Mohammad Hossein Khoeiniha; Elham Darvishgoftar; Zahra Mesgari; Fatemeh Pashazade; Shokohossadat Abotorabi

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5203-5210

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.21351.1792

Abstract

Background Vitamin D deficiency is associated with physiologic changes that are similar to pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Although association of vitamin D and preeclampsia has been ... Read More

Age-Specific Bacteriological Profile of Pediatric Septicemia; A Population- Based Study

Seyyed Shahin Eftekhari; Sara Shahmoradi; Shervin Rashidi Nia; Hossein Heidari

Volume 5, Issue 6 , June 2017, Pages 5211-5217

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23729.2005

Abstract

Background Septicemia is a life-threatening condition particularly among pediatric population. Early initiating a proper empiric antimicrobial treatment prior to definite isolation ... Read More

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Volume & Issue: Volume 5, Issue 6 - Serial Number 42, June 2017, Pages 5013-5217

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