Risk Factors of Severe Hyperbilirubinemia in Neonates Undergoing Exchange Transfusion in Imam Reza Hospital Kermanshah- Iran, during 2012 to 2016

Babaei, Homa; Parham, Sohaila; Mohammadi Pirkashani, Leila

doi:10.22038/ijp.2018.29179.2549

Risk Factors of Severe Hyperbilirubinemia in Neonates Undergoing Exchange Transfusion in Imam Reza Hospital Kermanshah- Iran, during 2012 to 2016

Authors

¹ Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Neonatologist, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of medical sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran.

² Department of Pediatrics, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran.

³ Master of Science in Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran.

10.22038/ijp.2018.29179.2549

Abstract

Background
Jaundice is one of the most common problems in neonatal period. Although the efficacy of exchange transfusion in the treatment of neonatal jaundice is knownand quickly reduces blood bilirubin levels, but severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We conducted this study to investigate the risk factorsof severe hyperbilirubinemia in neonates undergoing exchange transfusion in Imam Reza Hospital Kermanshah, Iran.
Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, records of newborns with hyperbilirubinemia who were undergoing exchange transfusion to Imam Reza hospital in Kermanshah from of 2012 to 2016 were studied. Information were extracted from the patient case and recorded in the data collection form. Data analyzed using SPSS software (version 24.0).
Results
Birth weight of 42.1% of neonates was less than 2,500 gr and 43.1% were preterm. The most common causes of severe hyperbilirubinemia including: unknown causes (42.2%, n=38), ABO incompatibility (27.8%, n=25), and sepsis (12.2%, n=11). The most common complications of exchange transfusion in this study were thrombocytopenia (33.4%), hypocalcaemia (18.7%), hyperglycemia (12.3%), and hypoglycemia (12.3%).
Conclusion
According to the results, major risk factors for the occurrence of severe hyperbilirubinemia in neonates were birth weight less than 2,500 gram, gestational age below 37 weeks, age less than 5 days, and weight loss more than 10% of birth weight at the time of admission.

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