Pain Management in Children with Collaborative Parents and Healthcare Team

Authors

1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

4 Student Research Committee, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

5 Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Most children in hospital have pain. Seeing your child in pain or discomfort is incredibly difficult. Pain in children is a public health concern of major significance in most parts of the world. We have learned that unrelieved pain causes the body to release certain chemicals that may actually delay healing, so it's important to work with child's nurses and doctors to help children for control the pain. On the other side, medication is not the only way to relieve pain. Pain in children should always be managed and pain expression is dependent on the child’s age, cognitive development, and socio cultural context and it is important to pay particular attention to developmental variations in any behavioural manifestations of pain. In this study to explain some ways for parents and healthcare team to manage pain in children.

Keywords

References

 
1. Loeser JD, Treede RD. The Kyoto protocol of IASP Basic Pain Terminology. Pain 2008; 137(3):473–77.
2. Merskey H, Bogduk N, eds. Classification of chronic pain: descriptions of chronic pain syndromes and definitions of pain terms. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) Press; 1994.
3. WHO model formulary for children. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2010. Available at: http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/list/WMFc_2010.  Accessed December 2014.
4. WHO guidelines on the pharmacological treatment of persisting pain in children with medical illnesses. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012.1, Classification of Pain in Children. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK138356//.  Accessed January 2015.
5. Thienhaus O, Cole BE. Classification of pain. In: Weiner RS. Pain management: a practical guide
 
 
 
 
     for clinicians, 6th ed. New York; NY, CRC Press: 2002.
6. Merskey H, Bogduk N, eds. Classification of chronic pain: descriptions of chronic pain syndromes and definitions of pain terms. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) Press; 1994.
7. Lynch M.  Pain: the fifth vital sign. Comprehensive assessment leads to proper treatment.  Adv Nurse Pract 2001; 9(11):28-36.
8. Chambliss CR, Heggen J, Copelan DN, Pettignano R. The assessment and management of chronic pain in children.  Paediatr Drugs. 2002; 4(11):737-46.
9. von Baeyer CL, Spagrud LJ. Systematic review of observational (behavioral) measures of pain for children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 years. Pain 2007; 127(1-2):140–150.
10. Haanpää M, Treede F-D. Diagnosis and classification of neuropathic pain. IASP Clinical Updates2010;18:1–6.
11. Ingelmo PM, Fumagalli R. Neuropathic pain in children. Minerva Anestesiologica 2004; 70(5):393–98.
12. von Baeyer CL. Children’s self-reports of pain intensity: scale selection, limitations and interpretation. Pain Research & Management, 2006, 11(3):157–162.
13. von Baeyer CL. Children’s self-report of pain intensity: what we know, where we are headed. Pain Research & Management, 2009, 14(1):39–45.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale is from Wong D.L., Hockenberry-Eaton M., Wilson D., Winkelstein M.L., Schwartz P.: Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing. ed. 6 St. Louis: 2001, p. 1301. Copyrighted by Mosby, Inc. Reprinted by permission.
15. Palermo TM. Assessment of chronic pain in children: current status and emerging topics. Pain Research & Management& Management 2009; 14(1):21–6.
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics