Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

Association Between the History of Maternal Nutritional Status in the First Trimester and Stunting: A Case-Control Study in Indonesia

Articles in Press

Document Type : original article

Authors
Sefira Wulandari 1
Tantut Susanto 2
Fahruddin Kurdi 2
1 Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia.
2 Department of Community, Family & Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia.
10.22038/jpp.2026.95784.5662
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to analyze the association between maternal nutritional status during the first trimester of pregnancy and the incidence of stunting among infants aged 0–24 months in the working areas of Jember Regency Community Health Centers.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective case-control design was employed, involving 104 families. Participants included 52 families in the case group (infants with stunting) and 52 in the control group (infants without stunting), selected via stratified random sampling from three sub-districts prioritized for stunting reduction. Maternal nutritional status was evaluated using historical Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) records extracted from Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books, an approach that effectively minimized recall bias.
Results: Chi-square analysis (p<0.05) revealed that 71.15% of mothers in the case group had a MUAC <23.5 cm during their first trimester, whereas 57.69% in the control group had a normal MUAC (≥23.5 cm). A significant association was found between first-trimester maternal nutritional status and stunting (p=0.003; OR=3.364; 95% CI=1.490–7.591).
Conclusion: Maternal nutritional status during the first trimester is significantly associated with infant stunting. Mothers experiencing malnutrition during this critical period have a 3.36 times greater risk of having stunted infants compared to well-nourished mothers.
Keywords
Aged 0&ndash
24, First trimester, Infants, Maternal nutritional status, Stunting
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Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 26 July 2026