Document Type : original article
Authors
1 Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 Data Science and AI, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
4 Autism and Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
5 Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Background: Based on the lateralization of the hemispheres in some cognitive functions and the lack of knowledge of these dimensions in autism, this study aimed to compare the contribution of the hemispheres to auditory spatial attention during socially relevant speech processing in children with autism compared to their typically developing peers (TD).
Methods: Participants were 27 Romanian children, including 12 children with autism and 15 typically developing children. Auditory stimuli were simple three-word Romanian sentences presented in an oddball pattern under three listening conditions: right ear, left ear, and binaural. We extracted the P300 event-related potential (ERP) component in response to the all conditions and compared in two groups. Statistical analyses were performed using MANOVA with follow-up tests for between-subject effects.
Results: Multivariate analyses showed no significant overall differences across groups in the different conditions. However, between-subjects effects tests revealed a significant reduction in P300 amplitude for the left ear condition in the ASD group compared with TD peers (p = 0.042, partial η² = 0.155). Across all conditions, latency differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The selective reduction in P300 amplitude for left ear input in children with ASD indicates reduced attentional engagement with socio-semantic aspects of speech that are predominantly processed in the right hemisphere. The findings emphasize the importance of lateralization-sensitive auditory patterns in understanding and addressing communication deficits in ASD.
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