Lactate Dehydrogenase as a New Prognostic Factor for Mortality in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Nabavizadeh, Seyed Hesamedin; Esmailli, Mina; Esmaeilzadeh, Hossein; Alyasin, Soheila; Askarisarvestani, Aida

doi:10.22038/ijp.2024.80040.5455

Lactate Dehydrogenase as a New Prognostic Factor for Mortality in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Document Type : original article

Authors

Seyed Hesamedin Nabavizadeh ¹^{, 2}

Mina Esmailli ³

Hossein Esmaeilzadeh ¹^{, 2}

Soheila Alyasin ¹^{, 2}

Aida Askarisarvestani ¹

¹ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

² Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

³ Clinical Pediatrician, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

10.22038/ijp.2024.80040.5455

Abstract

Background: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a rather newly described entity that can potentially end in multisystem failure in children following COVID-19 infection. The prognosis of patients with MIS-C is multifactorial; consequently, many risk factors increase the risk of mortality and severity of this disease. In this study we aimed to evaluate the prognostic effect of various parameters in mortality and intensive care unit admission of patients with MIS-C.
Methods: in this cross-sectional study, the information of patients with MIS-C were extracted in a tertiary pediatric center during a one-year period. The relationship between mortality and ICU admission of the patients with demographic information and lab data were assessed.
Results: a total of 88 male-predominant (56.8% vs. 43.2%, P=0.135) entered the study. Seven patients had expired and 71 patients were discharged from the hospital. In our study, demographic information of the patients and their lab data were not associated with mortality except for Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) level. All of the expired patients had elevated LDH, while only 53.1% of the discharged patients showed increased LDH (P=0.016); on the other hand, LDH did not differ between patients who were managed in ICUs and the ones who were managed in wards.
Conclusion: LDH can be counted as a prognostic tool for mortality in MIS-C and might be regarded as a part of evaluation for ICU admission in this disease.

Keywords

COVID-19

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)

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