Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Cancer Risk in Pediatrics: A Molecular Pathway and Future Approach

Gorjinezhad, Parisa; Khalilzadeh Seivani, Mahin; Ghobadi, Maede; Shateri Amiri, Bahareh; Modabber, Noushin; Eslamnik, Parvinsadat; Asadikalameh, Zahra

doi:10.22038/ijp.2023.73881.5331

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Cancer Risk in Pediatrics: A Molecular Pathway and Future Approach

Document Type : review article

Authors

Parisa Gorjinezhad ¹

Mahin Khalilzadeh Seivani ²

Maede Ghobadi ³

Bahareh Shateri Amiri ⁴

Noushin Modabber ⁵

Parvinsadat Eslamnik ⁶

Zahra Asadikalameh ⁷

¹ Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran.

² School of medicine, Tabriz University of medical Science, Tabriz,

³ Department of gynecology and obstructive, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Mazandaran, Iran.

⁴ Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital Iran University of Medical Sciences.

⁵ Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (SHACRDU), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

⁶ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Sajad Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

⁷ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.

10.22038/ijp.2023.73881.5331

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition that affects the physiology of the mother and fetus during pregnancy. In addition, it has been shown that it also plays a role in the occurrence and progression of pediatric cancer. Epigenetic changes are one of the risk factors that affect pediatric cancer. Moreover, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia are among the conditions that can play a role in childhood cancer due to GDM. In many cases, inflammatory factors activate the NF-κB pathway and lead to inflammation. Furthermore, inhibition of apoptosis inducing factors causes the emergence and proliferation of cancer cells. Also, PI3K/AKT, mTOR, STAT/NF-kB pathways are among the most important pathways involved in the pathogenesis of pediatric cancer. Epigenetic changes, hyperinsulinemia, and hypoglycemia can increase the probability of cancer in children by changing the expression of some genes and signaling pathways. Identifying these pathways can help in the design of treatment strategies and lead to the prevention of cancer and increase the survival of patients.

Keywords

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus,,

,،Cancer,,

,،Pediatric,,

,،Mechanism

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