Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

letter to the editor

Effectiveness of Combining Medication and Lifestyle Modification with Iranian Traditional Medicine Measures Compared to Medication Alone on the Sleep Quality of Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Mahboubeh Nneamatshahi; Rahil Mahmoodi; Aghil Keykhosravi

Volume 13, Issue 4 , April 2025, Pages 19390-19392

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.86950.5533

Abstract

We are writing to express our appreciation for the recent article titled "Effectiveness of Combining Medication and Lifestyle Modification with Iranian Traditional Medicine Measures ... Read More

original article

Changes in Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Pediatric Uropathogens in the South of Iran

Mahnaz Haghighi; Zinat Hejraty

Volume 13, Issue 4 , April 2025, Pages 19393-19400

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.88349.5556

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a critical global public health issue. This study aimed to identify the predominant bacterial pathogens ... Read More Background: The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a critical global public health issue. This study aimed to identify the predominant bacterial pathogens causing community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children and to evaluate the evolving patterns of antimicrobial resistance among pediatric uropathogens in Shiraz, southern Iran.Methods: This research involved two prospective cross-sectional studies conducted among pediatric patients diagnosed with UTIs. The first study was carried out from 2005 to 2006 and included 435 children, while the second study, conducted from April 2010 to March 2011, enrolled175 children. Participants were children aged 1 month to 10 years suspected of having UTIs and referred to various outpatient pediatric clinics. Informed consent was obtained, and demographic data and laboratory test results were recorded using a standardized checklist. Urine samples were collected via urine bags for children under 2 years old and midstream clean-catch for older children. Patients were included if they presented with pyuria (white blood cell count >10 cells/µL) and UTI symptoms, such as dysuria, frequency, fever, etc. Bacterial culture was performed on blood agar and eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar, followed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing on isolated pathogens. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19. Statistical analysis involved Pearson correlation and Chi-square tests, with a p-value of less than 0.05 considered significant.Results: In the initial study (2005-2006), Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (69.2%), followed by Klebsiella (13.33%) and Enterobacter (12.18%). The male-to-female ratio was 0.417, with the highest infection rate in infants under 12 months (p = 0.002). Resistance was highest for Amoxicillin (93.83%), Ampicillin (84.39%), Co-trimoxazole (60%), and Cephalotin (58.71%), and lowest for Nitrofurantoin (12.63%) and Ciprofloxacin (7.77%). In the follow-up study (2010-2011), E. coli remained dominant (67.43%), followed by Proteus (11.43%) and Klebsiella (6.85%). The male-to-female ratio was 0.2 and infections were highest in children under 12 months (p = 0.016). Resistance increased for Co-trimoxazole (64.85%), Cefixime (53.42%), Nalidixic acid (52.98%), and Nitrofurantoin (44.77%), while moderate resistance was noted for Gentamicin (39.19%) and Ciprofloxacin (22.55). A significant association existed between bacterial type and age groups in the second study (p = 0.002).Conclusion: An upward trend in resistance was observed for commonly used oral antibiotics such as Co-trimoxazole, Cefixime, Nalidixic acid, and Nitrofurantoin. However, resistance remained lower for parenteral agents including Gentamicin, Cefotaxime, Ceftizoxime, and Ciprofloxacin. This highlights the ongoing challenge in selecting effective empirical antibiotic therapies for pediatric UTIs.

original article

A Descriptive Analysis of Clinical and Endoscopic Findings in Pediatric Patients with Gastrointestinal Cytomegalovirus Infection

Mohamadbagher Golkar; Nasrin Moazzen; Mahhamadali Kiani; Seyed Ali Jafari; Hamidreza Kianifar; Tahereh Sadeghi; Maryam Khalesi

Volume 13, Issue 4 , April 2025, Pages 19401-19411

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.86772.5531

Abstract

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common viral infection, with gastrointestinal CMV infection primarily seen in individuals with weakened immune systems, impacting the clinical ... Read More Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common viral infection, with gastrointestinal CMV infection primarily seen in individuals with weakened immune systems, impacting the clinical outcomes of affected patients. This study aim to evaluate the clinical manifestations, endoscopic findings, and underlying causes among pediatric cases with gastrointestinal CMV infection.Methods: This retrospective study included all pediatric patients diagnosed with GI-CMV who were referred to Akbar Children's Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, and met the study’s criteria. The criteria included pediatric patients who underwent endoscopic examinations. Comprehensive checklists were used to document symptoms, clinical presentations, medical histories, and endoscopic findings, with data extracted from patient records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 23, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.Results: In a study of 17 patients initially admitted with a probable diagnosis of CMV, 12 (70.6%) were confirmed to have CMV during follow-up. The group consisted of 9 girls (75%) and 3 boys (25%), with a mean age of 42.75 months (SD ± 31.95). Most patients (83.3%) were discharged with partial recovery, and CMV infection was confirmed in 70.6% of cases. Pathology revealed that 75% had gastric involvement. The most common initial symptom was bloody vomiting (26%), followed by fever and diarrhea (13%). Ganciclovir was administered to all patients, and 8.33% received Prednisolone as well. Most patients exhibited elevated white blood cell counts, and liver enzymes and albumin levels were also impaired.Conclusion: Symptoms of CMV colitis tend to be nonspecific and can manifest across a spectrum ranging from mild to severe presentations. Notably, CMV-positive patients are predisposed to more severe forms of colitis, with prolonged hospitalizations and concomitant febrile episodes frequently noted in cases of CMV colitis associated with underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

review article

Challenges of Teaching Clinical Skills in Pediatrics Ward to Nursing Students: A review study

Jalal Nourmohammadi; Fereshteh Ghaljaei

Volume 13, Issue 4 , April 2025, Pages 19412-19421

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.88264.5553

Abstract

Background and Objective: Teaching clinical skills to nursing students in pediatrics faces numerous challenges due to the specific characteristics of patients, complexities of care, ... Read More Background and Objective: Teaching clinical skills to nursing students in pediatrics faces numerous challenges due to the specific characteristics of patients, complexities of care, and communication sensitivities. The aim of this review study is to investigate and analyze the most important barriers and challenges in clinical education in pediatrics for undergraduate nursing students.Methods: This study was conducted using a narrative review method and a structured search in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar databases. Articles published between 2017 and 2024 that examined the challenges of clinical education in pediatric nursing at the undergraduate level were selected and analyzed. A total of 35 articles were reviewed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The results showed that the challenges of clinical education in pediatrics include students' anxiety and fear, difficulty in communicating with children and families, lack of experienced instructors, limited clinical learning opportunities, weaknesses in curriculum design, emotional pressures, and lack of educational infrastructure. These barriers are effective at individual (lack of self-confidence and anxiety, poor communication skills, lack of motivation and sufficient commitment), environmental (lack of practical opportunities, inappropriate clinical environment, hectic schedule, and high work pressure), organizational (lack of specialized and experienced instructors, lack of proper planning of clinical training), and cultural (cultural attitudes towards children and their care, cultural differences between the student and the child's family) levels.Conclusion: Improving the quality of clinical education in pediatrics requires reviewing educational programs, improving the capabilities of educators, using modern teaching-learning methods, and creating safe and collaborative clinical environments. The findings of this study can be a guide for educational planners and policymakers in the field of nursing education.

review article

Auto-inflammatory Diseases and Renal Involvement in Pediatric Rheumatology: A Review

Mahdieh Vahedi; Seyedsepehr Jafari; Abdolreza Malek

Volume 13, Issue 4 , April 2025, Pages 19422-19429

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.88294.5554

Abstract

Auto-inflammatory diseases (AIDs) are a diverse group of disorders characterized by inappropriate activation of the innate immune system, leading to chronic inflammation. In children, ... Read More

case report

A Case Presentation of Severe Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in an 8-Year-Old Boy

Fatemeh Zakertavalaee; MohammadHasan Aelami; Mahdieh Khorashadizadeh

Volume 13, Issue 4 , April 2025, Pages 19430-19435

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.88192.5552

Abstract

Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium species, with Plasmodium falciparum being the most virulent form. Cerebral malaria is a severe complication that can lead ... Read More

Using Social Network of TELEGRAM for Education on Continued Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding of Children among Mothers: a Successful Experience from Iran

Volume 5, Issue 7 , July 2017, , Pages 5275-5286

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22849.1915

Abstract

Background: Distanceeducation for mothers with suckling babies can have a high effect and more proponents due to short time of such mothers as well as other problems like bringing infant ... Read More Background: Distanceeducation for mothers with suckling babies can have a high effect and more proponents due to short time of such mothers as well as other problems like bringing infant with themselves. Authors of this research have shared an experience on application of social network of Telegram for educational intervention in field of continued breast feeding and complementary feeding of children among Iranian women. Materials and Methods: In this research, social network of Telegram was employed to provide teachings associated with continued breastfeeding and complementary feeding of children to mothers based on the model of Center for Diseases Control of USA (CDC). 90 members, out of 125 mothers who were informed, became member of Telegram group voluntary with informed consent,namely that the participation rate was 72%. The Telegram group called "Mother’s love - Mother’s milk" was designed on August 2016 and has been active for 6 months until this date. The group has been active under the management of an experienced physician and consultation with a pharmacist. Results: Participants of this research reported cell phone, internet, physician, books, and journals as the most-used sources, respectively, to access to information about breast feeding and health of their children. Only five mother of group-member mothers were uneducated or had elementary education level. Also, it was determined that the higher percentage of women who joined Telegram group were housewives compared with the group who had no tendency to join group. 100% of members evaluated membership in Telegram group and subjects related to complementary feeding beneficial and 39 of 41 (95%) participants in an E-survey, were satisfied with learning, and 35 members (85.4%) were satisfied with teaching. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of social networks as potential educational field. Usage of this media, particularly among women groups under specific circumstance of pregnancy, can be beneficial.

Precocious Puberty: An Unusual Presentation of Hypothyroidism

Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 51-54

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2013.2165

Abstract

Hypothyroidism is usually associated with delayed pubertal development but in rare occasions precocious puberty may ensue which is seen in cases of prolonged and untreated hypothyroidism. ... Read More

The use of appropriate colors in the design of children's rooms: A Short Review

Volume 2, Issue 4.1 , October 2014, , Pages 305-312

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.3204

Abstract

color has the ability to inspire, excite, soothe, heal and even agitate. This is particularly true for children, who can be extra sensitive to color's impact. So the importance of picking ... Read More

Hyperbilirubinemia and Neonatal Infection

Volume 1, Issue 1 , August 2013, , Pages 5-12

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2013.2026

Abstract

Introduction: Hyperbilirubinemia is a relatively common disorder among infants in Iran. Bacterial infection and jaundice may be associated with higher morbidity. Previous studies have ... Read More

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children:A Short Review and Literature

Volume 2, Issue 4.3 , December 2014, , Pages 445-452

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.3749

Abstract

Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and often persists into adulthood. ADHD includes a combination ... Read More

letter to the editor

Nursing interventions in preventing infection in children with leukemia

Fereshteh Ghaljaei; Jalal Nourmohammadi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 May 2025

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.87466.5538

Abstract

Children with leukemia are at an increased risk of infections due to weakened immune systems caused by both the disease and intensive treatments like chemotherapy. Nursing interventions ... Read More

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letter to the editor

Silent victims that need attention: Nursing care for mothers of children with Down syndrome, a step towards holistic nursing

reza abdollahi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 22 May 2025

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.87914.5545

Abstract

Nurses serve as educators, advocates, and providers of emotional support for mothers in managing the unique health and developmental challenges their children face. From early diagnosis, ... Read More

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review article

Artificial intelligence-assisted nursing interventions in the care of children with cancer: A Review Study

Fereshteh Ghaljaei; Jalal Nourmohammadi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 03 June 2025

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.87970.5547

Abstract

Introduction: Children with cancer face significant physical and psychological challenges that impact their overall well-being and quality of life. the prevalence of childhood cancer ... Read More

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original article

Evaluation of Short Message System Reminder Impact on Retinopathy of Prematurity Appointment Attendance in the Referral Center of Northeastern Iran

Razieh Farrahi; Nasser Shoeibi; Maryam Edalati khodabandeh; Nasibe Zare Shahneh; Hamid Reza Heidarzadeh

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 June 2025

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.88002.5548

Abstract

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a major cause of preventable vision impairment in newborns, especially in developing countries. It can lead to serious disorders such ... Read More

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Volume 13 (2025)

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

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