<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Journal of Pediatric Perspectives</title>
			<title_fa></title_fa>
			<short_title>JPP; J Ped Perspect</short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://jpp.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn></journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>3060-7205</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>0</year>
				<month>0</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2026</year>
				<month>4</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>14</volume>
			<number>4</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Comparing the Effectiveness of Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Foot Reflexology on Adequacy of Breastfeeding and Milk Volume of Mothers with Preterm Infants</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>original article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Mother’s milk is the ideal nutrition for preterm infants. However, due to the underdevelopment of swallowing reflexes and sucking in preterm infants, milk intake often decreases.Methods: In this clinical trial, 70 mothers of preterm infants (30–34 weeks of gestation) at Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, were randomly assigned to either Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation (n=35) or foot reflexology intervention (n=35). Milk volume was quantitatively measured on days 1, 3, and 9, at one and two hours after each intervention session, using an electric breast pump and a graduated cup. Breastfeeding adequacy was assessed using a validated 14-item Persian questionnaire administered before the intervention and 21 days afterward during infant follow-up visits. The questionnaire’s content validity was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was demonstrated through test-retest (r=0.81) and Cronbach’s alpha (0.89). Group differences over time were evaluated using independent samples t-tests along with repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The mean maternal age was 26.5 ± 0.99 years in the Jacobson’s relaxation group and 27.1 ± 0.94 years in the reflexology group (P = 0.488). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the type of delivery or neonatal gender (P &gt; 0.05). Breastfeeding adequacy improved significantly within both groups after the intervention (P &lt; 0.001), although the difference between groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.306). Milk volume increased significantly after the intervention on the first, third, and ninth days (P &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Both Jacobson&#039;s progressive muscle relaxation and foot reflexology were equally effective in increasing milk volume. These relaxation and foot reflexology as non-pharmacologic methods enhanced breastfeeding adequacy and milk production in mothers of preterm infants.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Breastfeeding adequacy, Foot Reflexology, Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation, Milk volume, preterm infants</keyword>
				<start_page>20040</start_page>
				<end_page>20050</end_page>
				<web_url>https://jpp.mums.ac.ir/article_27821.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Tahereh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Sadeghi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>sadeght@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>122317</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad¸ Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Elham</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Khanmohammadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>khanme961@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>122318</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Ali</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Khorsand Vakilzadeh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>khorsanda@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>122319</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Complementary and Chinese Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad¸ Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Raheleh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Faramarzi Garmroudi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>faramarzigr@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>122320</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences¸ Mashhad¸ Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Faezeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Zakerinasab</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>faezehzakeri161@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>122321</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zhila</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Sheikhi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>sheikhizh@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>122322</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Parisa</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Shojaei</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>0059403101@iau.ir</email>
				<code>122323</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, TMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>