Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux during First Year of Life in Infants Admitted in Pediatric Department of Imam Reza Hospital-Mashhad

MH Amirian; S Kouzegaran; A Hamedi

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 20-20

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2461

Abstract

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is the most common of esophageal disorder in all ages. GER defined as passage of gastric contents into the esophagus, and GER disease ... Read More

Iron and Multivitamin Supplements in Children and its Association with Growth rate

M Saeidi; R Vakili; A Khakshour; H Taghizadeh Moghaddam; MA Kiani

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 21-21

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2475

Abstract

Introduction: Vitamin deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are common nutritional problems, at least in children under 5. These materials shortage, especially in the first two years ... Read More Introduction: Vitamin deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are common nutritional problems, at least in children under 5. These materials shortage, especially in the first two years of life, impair physical and brain growth, reduces the child's learning ability, reduces body resistance against infections, behavioral changes, apathy and finally social and economic adverse consequences would be followed. This study aimed to determine the supplements used in children under two years and its Association with Growth rate in Mashhad City. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 300 children 6 to 24 months were recruited in health centers in Mashhad, Data was collected from mother and and children’ records and valid and reliable questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was analyzed by statistical tests and SPSS 11.5 and P Results: Results showed that 13.7 percent of families were with low income, 82.7 percent middle income and 3.7 percent well income. In growth chart, 86.7 percent of children showed appropriate growth, 10.3 percent had delayed growth and 3 percent had horizontal growth curve .In 80.7 percent of families, maternal multivitamin and iron drops have been used to their children regularly, 1.7 percent did not believe in these supplements and 17.7 percent of mothers sometimes used these supplements for their children. Results also showed statistical correlation significant variables of parental education, family income, mothers referred to health centers for monitoring the growth and get face to face training of personnel center drops of multivitamin with iron and growth status of children variable is available, so children who regularly have used supplements and income level and above are literate parents have grown more favorable than the other kids (P<0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the importance of iron and multivitamin use in children under two years, necessary training must be provided to mothers in this field by health centers personnel. Meanwhile, it is recommended that the authorities must distribute periodical and enough drops to health centers. Keywords:Children, Iron, Multivitamin, Growth rate, Supplements.

Congenital Rickets: Report of Four Cases

R Vakili; M Saeidi; P Eshraghi; A Ataei Nakhaei; S Vakili; A Khakshour

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 22-22

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2474

Abstract

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency and rickets continue to be health problems in developing countries and most of the infants with congenital rickets may present with hypocalcemic seizure. ... Read More

Determinants of Nutritional Status in Children living in Mashhad, Iran

T Shafieian; LA Latiff; MH Soo Lee; M Mazidi; M Ghayour Mobarhan; G Tabatabaei; G Ferns

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 23-23

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2476

Abstract

Introduction: Children are one of the most vulnerable groups to sub-optimal nutritional intake in most societies. We have investigated some of the potential determinants of malnutrition ... Read More

Status of Hepatitis B Immunization in Medical Stuffs at Children Medical Center Hospital-Tehran

M Najafi; F Motamed; E Kiani; A Khakshour; M Saeidi

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 24-24

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2477

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B is a disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted through percutaneous (i.e., puncture through the skin) or mucosal (i.e., direct contact ... Read More

Effect Supermint oil (peppermint oil) on Patient Satisfaction and the Colonoscopy team during Colonoscopy

MA Kiani; M Sabbagh; M Najafi; A Khodadad; A Khakshour; HR Kianifar; SA Jafari; M Ghayour Mobarhan; M Saeidi

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 25-25

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2478

Abstract

Introduction: Colonoscopy is an invasive method that is painful for patient especially for children. The objective of this research was investigation into the effect of supermint oral ... Read More

The Effect of Music on Pain, Anxiety and Vital Signs of Children during Colonoscopy

M Najafi; F Motamed; MA Kiani; M Sabbagh; P Attaei; M Ghayour Mobarhan; M Saeidi; A Vakilian; A Javan

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 26-26

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2479

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of music on pain, anxiety and vital signs in children undergoing colonoscopy. Method and Materials: This randomized study ... Read More

Assesment of Malnutrition in Hospitalized in Iran and Newzeland

V Moeeni; T Walls; SA Day

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 27-27

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2480

Abstract

Introduction: Hospitalized children are often at increased risk of nutritional impairment at or during admission. Objectives: The aims of this study were to (1) define the nutritional ... Read More Introduction: Hospitalized children are often at increased risk of nutritional impairment at or during admission. Objectives: The aims of this study were to (1) define the nutritional state of hospitalized children with comparison to healthy children in two different countries and (2) compare and contrast three nutritional risk screening (NRS) tools for hospitalized children in terms of the ease of completion and the validity of scores with comparison to current nutritional status. Materials and Methods: Children admitted to two paediatric teaching hospitals located in Iran and New Zealand were enrolled, along with healthy control children from the same communities. Nutritional state was assessed by anthropometry and classified as moderate/severe malnutrition according to WHO criteria. Three NRS tools (Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition (STAMP), Screening Tool for Risk On Nutritional status and Growth (STRONGkids) and Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS)) were applied to all inpatients and patients classified from low to high risk. Results: 281 inpatients and 262 controls were recruited in the two countries. The prevalence of moderate/severe under-nutrition in the Iranian inpatient group was 25.2% versus 3% in the control group, respectively (P=0.0001). The rate of under-nutrition in NZ inpatients was 9.9% versus 3.7% in the community group (P=0.04). In contrast, the prevalence of overweight/obesity in the Iranian control group was 22% compared to just 2.5% in the inpatient group (P=0.04), while there was no difference between the two groups in NZ (P=1.0). NRS tools were able to identify most of the malnourished patients in the medium to high risk groups in both countries. Conclusion: Hospitalized children have higher rates of under-nutrition than healthy children from the same community. The three NRS tools were able to identify children at nutritional risk, but with differing utility. STRONGkids appeared to be the most useful and reliable tool in both countries. Key Words: Iran, Hospitalized, Malnutrition, Newzeland.

Maternal Knowledge and Attitude toward Exclusive Breast Milk Feeding (BMF) in the First 6 Months of Infant in Mashhad-Iran

M Saeidi; BL Hoseini; R Vakili; A Khakshour

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 28-28

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2481

Abstract

Introduction: Breast milk is a complete food for growing children until 6 months of age, and mothers, as the most important child health care, play a decisive role in their growth. ... Read More

How Probiotic Reduce Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome?

M Khalesi

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 29-29

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2482

Abstract

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in children that may lead to anxiety, frequent physician visits and school absenteeism. The aim of ... Read More

Constipation due to Liver Disorder in Iranian Traditional Medicine`s Viewpoint

R Choopani; M Tansaz; M Movahhed; M Mokaberinejad; M Khodadoost

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 30-30

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2483

Abstract

Introduction: Constipation is one of the most common pediatric disorders.In many cases, there is no anatomic endocrineor metabolic cause in explanation of chronic constipation.More ... Read More Introduction: Constipation is one of the most common pediatric disorders.In many cases, there is no anatomic endocrineor metabolic cause in explanation of chronic constipation.More than 85% of them called functional or idiopathic.Constipation is one of the serious disease in Iranian Traditional Medicine. Besides the problem it causes, chronic constipation can be the origin of many disease. That is why, ithas been called Mother of disease.The purpose of this study is to investigate the Constipation in children and the role of other organs such as the liver by view of Iranian Traditional Medicine Materials and Method: This study is a review through Iranian traditional medicine references. At first, all the main available traditional books were reviewed. All the data about therapies of vaginal discharge in ITM were collected then classified. Results: In traditional medicine different reasons have been mentioned for constipation especially for childrenwhich most of them are similar to etiology in Modern Medicine.Constipation due to liver disorder is one of the causes of constipation.In Iranian Traditional medicine` viewpoint, one of the mechanism for excretion is existence of secreted bile in intestine.If by any reason,measure or quality of its which secreted in intestine through bile changes or if intestinal mucous secretion becomes barrier for absorbing the food,it will caused disorder in excretion and finally will lead to constipation.Well known Iranian Traditional Medicine scientists, has mentioned all reasons for liver disorders and changing quality& quantity of secreted bile .he has mentioned the solutions as well. Conclusion: It is hoped that by paying attention to constipation and with advanced clinical research we will be able to explain idiopathic constipation and prepare new ways of treatments for constipation. New researches have approved the effectiveness of these foods and drugs for treating the constipation. Keywords: Constipation, Children, Liver, Iranian Traditional Medicine.

Effect Supermint oil (Peppermint oil) on children's pain during Colonoscopy

M Najafi; F Motamed; MA Kiani; A Khakshour; M Saeidi; SA Jafari; P Attaei; M Ghayour Mobarhan; M Sabbagh; A Javan; A Vakilian

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 31-31

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2485

Abstract

Introduction: Pain during colonoscopy, especially in children, including the challenges faced by the medical team. The aim of study was investigation the analgesic effect Supermint ... Read More

Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli (EAEC) in South of Iran

P Abbasi; M Kargar; A Doosti; J Mardaneh; S Ghorbani-Dalini; M Anvarinejad; MA Dehyadegari

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 32-32

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2486

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence and the frequency of EAEC as etiologic agent of diarrhea in Shiraz. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) ... Read More

Principles of Proper Nutrition in Children with Celiac Disease

H Khajavikia; N Taleschian-Tabrizi

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 33-33

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2487

Abstract

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a hereditary disorder of the immune system which damages the mucosa of the small intestine caused by gluten consumption(even very small amounts). ... Read More

Comparison of Zinc Level between Neonates with Jaundice and Healathy Neonates

H Boskabadi; Gh Maamouri; H Mohsen Zadeh; MT Shakeri; M Ghayour Mobarhan

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 34-34

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2488

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal jaundice is the most common cause of hospitalization.Animal study demonstrated a decrease in serum bililrubin level after zinc treatment in hyperbilirubinemic ... Read More

Study of Relationship between Hypernatremia in Neonates and Way of Maternal Breast Feeding

H Boskabadi; M Godarzi; M Zakerihamidi; F Bagheri

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 35-35

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2489

Abstract

Introduction: The extreme reduction in breast milk intake during the first days of life leads to weight loss, kidney failure and hypernatremia. The aim of this study was to examine ... Read More Introduction: The extreme reduction in breast milk intake during the first days of life leads to weight loss, kidney failure and hypernatremia. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hypernatremia in neonates and way of maternal breastfeeding in hospitalized infants in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad. Materials and Methods: After obtaining parental consent, 687 infants referred to the neonatal ward and clinic of Ghaem hospital of Mashhad participated in this cross-sectional study. First, complete history of the mother and baby regarding pregnancy and delivery problems, way of breastfeeding, and the first time of lactation beginning were obtained. Then neonates were divided into two groups of normal and hypernatremia (sodium≥150 mg/dl) according to the amount of blood sodium level. Data was analyzed using correlation tests, chi-square, t test and Mann-Whitney tests with SPSS software (version 11.5). Results: According to the findings of this study, the average age (P=0.911), Apgar scores (P=0.192), time of the first lactation (P=0.081) and breast feeding duration (P=o.108) showed no statistically significant difference between normal and hypernatremia groups. But the admission weight (P=0.011), times of lactation (P=0.108), breast-feeding status (P=0.001), let down reflex in mother’s breast (0.001), kind of nutrition (P=o.oo1), breast filling after childbirth and lactation (P=0.000), and breast softening after breast-feeding (P=0.000), urination frequency (P=0.000), defecation frequency (P=0.000) and duration of maternal hospitalization (P=0.007) showed statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Neonatal weight control, times of lactation, lactation status, breast changes during breast feeding and frequency of urination and defecation may be effective in the early detection of the reduced breast milk intake and the control of the related complications. Key Words: Breast Feedinf, Breast Milk, Hypernatremia, Neonate, weight loss.

Oral Zinc Supplementation for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea

Sh Gheibi; Z Kousehlou; Z Sahebazzamani

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 36-36

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2490

Abstract

Introduction: Diarrheal diseases are a serious health problem and important causes of growth retardation and death in the developing world, especially those of prolonged duration. Since ... Read More

Diagnostic Accuracy of Polyclonal Stool Antigen for Detection of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children

E Khodashenas; SA Jafari; HR Kianifar; A Khakshour; S Hiradfar; N Zabolinejad

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 37-37

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2491

Abstract

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection has various clinical features. One of the most common presentations of this infection is upper abdominal pain. Complications such as gastritis, ... Read More

Children Sedation during Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Comparison of Two Methods

E Khodashenas; HR Kianifar; J Akhondian; A Sharifian; M Pirozi

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 38-38

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2492

Abstract

Introduction: Endoscopy is an invasive and painful procedure in children. Since children can not tolerate pain and stress, sedation is necessary in pediatric endoscopy. The aim of ... Read More

Special Formula in the Pharmaceutical Market

B Imani; F Kalani

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 39-39

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2493

Abstract

Introduction: Infants born with congenital anomalies demand individualized nutritional evaluations and recommendations. The anatomical changes of neonatal surgical diseases create specific ... Read More Introduction: Infants born with congenital anomalies demand individualized nutritional evaluations and recommendations. The anatomical changes of neonatal surgical diseases create specific physiological constraints.Patients with different congenital anomalies have different nutritional support needs. It is essential to know the exact physiology of these anomalies in order to be able to manage and provide them with appropriate and suitable nutritional supports. This article reviews several nutrition-centered options to aid the medical provider caring for babies with common surgical diseases. Method and Materials: Medline searches were performed using the keywords congenital anomalies, gastroesophageal reflux, motility, nutrition and the text word nutrition in congenital GI anomalies . Bibliographies of recent review articles and relevant primary research reports, as well as Current Contents of ASPEN, ESPEGHAN guidelines were reviewed for additional relevant citations. This article describes the nutritional needs of infants with congenital anomalies that require surgical repair or palliation. It is limited to several commonly encountered surgical diseases of infants: • Foregut and midgut anomalies (esophageal atresia / tracheoesophageal fistula, intestinal atresia, malrotation) • Pulmonary hypoplasia: congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and lung malformations • Abdominal wall defects (giant omphalocele, gastroschisis) • Diseases treated with enterostomy (eg, Hirschsprung’s disease [HD], imperforate anus Discussion: Infants born with congenital anomalies demand individualized nutritional evaluations and recommendations. Just within general and thoracic pediatric surgery, diseases include congenital anomalies in the infant, common acquired conditions such as pyloric stenosis and necrotizing enterocolitis, trauma, feeding tube placement, and organ transplantation. With the exception of the surgical repair itself, few interventions hold greater power to alter the outcome of these problems than attention to nutrition. To successfully support these patients, the dietitian must understand not only the essential details of these diseases but also the particular ways that the diseases and their surgical treatments impose demands and constraints on nutritional support. Nutritional challenges commonly include delayed oral feeding, GER, dysmotility of the distal esophagus and strictures each of which needs different kind of support and management will be discussed specifically in this article. Keywords: Congenital Anomalies, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Motility, Nutrition.

Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis: An Uncommon Cause of Chronic Renal Failure

A Azarfar; MA Kiani; Ag Keykhosravi; Y Ravanshad

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 40-40

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2494

Abstract

Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis (CHF) is a rare disease that affects both the liver and kidneys. Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is an autosomal recessive inherited malformation ... Read More

Prevention of Malnutrition in Children, Slimming Yesterday, Obesity Today

S Sharafi; M Razi; Z Pouresmail

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 41-41

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2495

Abstract

Introduction: The future of any nation depends on how its children's care, According to their likely future health needs of the adult population model for healthy living and wealth ... Read More

Anesthesia related Complications in Pediatric GI Endoscopy

A Sabzevari; M Gharavi; MA Kiani; A Peivandi Yazdi; E Ghorbanian; M Joudi

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 42-42

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2496

Abstract

Introduction: Elective upper and lower GI endoscopy is usually performed in children on an outpatient basis with the child under sedation or general anesthesia (GA). The objective of ... Read More

Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children and Future Challenges

K Eftekhari

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 43-43

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2497

Abstract

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a common problem in children. These disorders in children are classified into the following categories according to the ROME III classification: ... Read More Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a common problem in children. These disorders in children are classified into the following categories according to the ROME III classification: Functional Dyspepsia, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Abdominal Migraines, Childhood Functional abdominal pain (FAP), Childhood functional abdominal pain syndrome and functional constipation. FGIDs are diagnosed based on history and normal physical examination provided that there is no evidence of underlying disease such as anatomical abnormalities, infectious, inflammatory and malignancies. This group of poorly defined diseases represent a huge treatment challenge to the specialist, because, until now there is no therapy that has been effective in improving the symptoms. FGIDs also cause deep family problems as the disease interrupts their routine and positive response to treatment is rarely seen. On the other hand there is no objective document of the disease neither endoscopic, radiologic nor pathologic. Therapeutic strategies of FGIDs are: education and parent's assurance, detection and modifying physical and psychological stress, dietary intervention, pharmacological treatment, psychotherapy and other complementary medical treatments. Some foods may trigger the illness such as coffee, fatty foods and spicy foods, therefore they should be avoided. Lactose-free diet cannot improve symptoms of FGIDs, except in children with lactose intolerance. The beneficial effect of fiber supplement in children with FGIDs remains unknown but it has been useful in adults with IBS. Probiotics have potential efficacy in treating IBS but the efficacy in children with FGIDs remains uncertain and needs to be further studied. In patients with severe symptoms, pharmacological agents can be effective. These drugs include Antacids, Prokinetics, Anticholinergic, Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAS) and Serotonergic agents (Agonists and anti agonists). Psychotherapy in FAP and IBS is preferred rather than standard drug treatments. Cognitive Behavioral treatment is useful in children with RAP and hypnotherapy in adults with IBS. Complementary and alternative therapies include massage therapy, acupuncture and traditional medicine such as Peppermint oil, Fumitory, Ginger and Zingier could have a role in treatment of FGIDs. Keywords: Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs), Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), ROME III, Functional Abdominal Pain (FAP), Psychotherapy.

Role of Probiotics in the Management of Helicobacter Pylori Infection

A Zare Javid; N Niknezhad

Volume 2, Issue 2.1 , April 2014, , Pages 44-44

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2498

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped, microaerophilic organism that colonizes the stomach of humans and causes chronic-active gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric ... Read More Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped, microaerophilic organism that colonizes the stomach of humans and causes chronic-active gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancers, including adenocarcinoma of the stomach and MALT (mucosal-associated lymphoid tumor) lymphomas. H. pylori colonizes the stomach of over 50 % the world’s human population, primarily those who reside in developing nations. Infection is generally first acquired in children, who may be entirely asymptomatic, and then persists for life, unless specific eradication therapy is initiated. All infected individuals have mucosal inflammation in the stomach in response to the organism, but only a subset will develop disease complications, such as an ulcer in the stomach or proximal duodenum and cancer in either the body or the antrum of the stomach. It is estimated that the lifetime risk of developing peptic ulceration is roughly 15%. However, this is an exceedingly important disease, because it has serious morbidity and mortality. Eradication of H. pylori infection is not successful when using antibiotics as monotherapy or dual therapy using combinations of an acid-suppressing agent and an antibiotic or two antibiotics without acid blockage. Multiple studies show that some probiotic strains can inhibit the growth of H. pylori. To date, probiotics do not appear to have a role as sole therapy for use in the prevention or treatment of H. pylori infection. However, there is increasing evidence that a variety of probiotic agents are useful as adjunctive therapy, which can both enhance the success of eradicating the gastric pathogen while, reduce the frequency and severity of adverse effects arising from the other agents that are employed in current combination treatment regimens. Future studies should assess the role of prebiotics and synbiotics and products derived from probiotics as additional options for use in the prevention and treatment of H. pylori infection in humans. Key words: Probiotic, Helicobacter pylori

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Keywords = Poster Presentation

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