Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

Validation and Confirmatory Analysis of Impulsive Behaviors Scale in Children (UPPS-P-C)

solmaz soleimankhan; Reza Joharifard; Fariba Hafezi

Volume 12, Issue 11 , November 2024, , Pages 19140-19151

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.82021.5474

Abstract

Background: The present study was an effort for the validation and confirmatory factor analysis of the impulsive behaviors scale among a group of Iranian children.Methods: The present ... Read More

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children with Epilepsy

shadi shiva; Sanaz Norouzi; Vahideh Abarzadeh

Volume 12, Issue 11 , November 2024, , Pages 19158-19164

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2025.84460.5511

Abstract

Background: The need for early detection and supportive therapy of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) underlined the influence of screening for ASD in children with epilepsy as well as ... Read More

The Prevalence of Malnutrition in critically ill septic Pediatric: Findings from Akbar Children's Hospital in Mashhad

Ali Chamani; Mohsen Nematy; Faezeh Mashhadi; Mohammad Safarian; Majid Sezavar; Maryam Emadzadeh; Gholamreza Khademi; Fatemeh Roudi

Volume 12, Issue 9 , September 2024, , Pages 19022-19031

https://doi.org/10.22038/jpp.2024.82331.5487

Abstract

Background: Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition resulting from an infection and is recognized as a critical global health concern. Among children, sepsis causes many deaths and ... Read More

Frequency of Febrile Seizures in COVID-19 Children in Akbar Children's Hospital

Javad Akhondian; Elahe Derakhshan-Nezhad; Matin Dowlat Abadi; Sahel Yazdanpanahi; Niloofar Nikpour; Zahra Chaichy

Volume 12, Issue 7 , July 2024, , Pages 18912-18920

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2024.83258.5489

Abstract

Background: Considering the increased incidence of Febrile Seizures (FS) after omicron emergence, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of FS in COVID-19 children, under 14 years ... Read More

Investigating the Frequency of Coagulation Abnormality in Hospitalized Children with Covid19: A Cross-Sectional Study

Arian Karimi Rouzbahani; Samaneh Tahmasebi Ghorabi; Maryam Mohammadian; Maliheh Mohammad Zadeh; Zahra Goudarzi; Mahmood Mallahi; Mohammad Ali Molavi

Volume 12, Issue 4 , April 2024, , Pages 18700-18711

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2024.79640.5451

Abstract

Background: Based on the findings of previous studies, patients with severe Covid-19 have a much greater occurrence of coagulation abnormalities. Additionally, individuals who get this ... Read More

Effectiveness of Behavioral Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Saeid Bashirian; Maryam Afshari; Ensiyeh Jenabi; Ali Moradi

Volume 12, Issue 4 , April 2024, , Pages 18721-18774

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2024.58559.4577

Abstract

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is identified by a group of neurodevelopmental disorders. In view of the importance of, and demand for, novel behavioural interventions in ... Read More Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is identified by a group of neurodevelopmental disorders. In view of the importance of, and demand for, novel behavioural interventions in autism disorder, a comprehensive evaluation of the outcomes of interventions for the ongoing impact of behavioral interventions in ASD is necessary.Methods: A systematic search of the electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, Sciencedirect, Web of Science, and Biomed central were conducted to find evidence for the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in ASDs. The search strategy was based on exploring studies published in different global languages from the earliest to 2019 databases. In addition to the databases mentioned above, relevant studies were searched using forward and backward citation tracing.Results: In the present review, 48 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), and 44 quasi-experimental articles matched the defined evaluation criteria. Eighty-three out of 93 studies were conducted in high-income countries, the results of which raised the challenges associated with acceptability of conducting those studies in low- and middle-income countries. The majority of those studies (93.5%) were classified as having either low or medium quality. From those studies, 32 studies used integrative programs, and 30 studies used social skills development interventions. The majority of the studies were based on integrative programs designed to foster social skills. The results of the study showed that social skills development interventions were effective in changing the desired outcomes. The results showed that, regardless of the study design and the type of intervention used, the possibility of success in interventions were greater in changing the participants' social skills.Conclusion: There were inconsistent evidence on the effectiveness of interventions in providing changes in targeted outcomes. There is a need for further investigation in behavioral interventions for ASDs. Further research is needed to understand the effectiveness of other interventions and finding quality interventions to achieve more significant results.

Parental Nutrition Style and Quality of Life in Obese and Underweight Boys and Girls in Zahedan City

Fatemeh Govahi Kakhki; Arefeh Mangeli Zaroei; Mahnaz Khosravi; Maryam Seraji

Volume 11, Issue 9 , September 2023, , Pages 18220-18230

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.74049.5340

Abstract

Background: The influence of parents, including feeding style, through changing food consumption habits, can play an important role in the prevention or occurrence of diseases in children, ... Read More

An Investigation of Basic Needs and Related Factors in Parents of Children with Down syndrome

Mohsen Mohammadi; Parichehr Shahroudi; Yasaman Yaghobi; Parinaz Shahroudi; Saman Maroufizadeh; Zahra Golamalipour

Volume 11, Issue 7 , July 2023, , Pages 18018-18026

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.73176.5303

Abstract

Background: Down syndrome is one of the most common causes of intellectual disabilities in children. The birth of a baby requires a positive adaptation of the family to new changes, ... Read More Background: Down syndrome is one of the most common causes of intellectual disabilities in children. The birth of a baby requires a positive adaptation of the family to new changes, especially when the child has a disability such as Down syndrome. When a child with Down syndrome is born, parents experience many conflicting emotions and feel inadequate. Therefore, it is important to examine the needs of these parents with issues related to living with a child with Down syndrome, as well as the factors that affect the needs. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical research conducted cross-sectionally on 172 parents of families with children aged 1-19 with Down syndrome who were covered by the welfare organization of Guilan province. Simple random sampling method without placement was used in sampling for this research. The data collection tools were Glaser's Basic Needs Questionnaire to measure needs and a researcher-made questionnaire of related factors. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Wilcoxon, Friedman, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficient tests in IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. Results: The findings of this research showed that there was a weak significant negative relationship between the need for survival and the need for freedom (P=0.001 and r=0.245). There was no significant correlation between the scores of the need for recreation and the need for strength (P=0.534 and r=0.048). There was a statistically significant difference between the scores of the parents of children with Down syndrome in Glasser's basic needs scale (P<0.001). A statistically significant difference was observed between the scores of the need for power according to the educational level of the parents (P=0.007), and a statistically significant difference was also observed between the scores of the need for power according to the level of the parents' income (P=0.011). Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the performance of families who face fewer needs and receive higher levels of social support is better than those of the families who face multiple needs and receive limited social support.

Prevalence of Flatfoot in Iranian Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hosein Karimiyarandi; Majid Khalilizad

Volume 11, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 17924-17934

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.72040.5259

Abstract

Background: Flatfoot (FF) is one of the most common deformities in children, which is divided into two flexible or rigid types. Given the prevalence of FF and the importance of orthopedic ... Read More

Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection in Children with Febrile Convulsion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Elham Bastani; Mahsa Rizehbandi; Fariba Shokri; Aryoobarzan Rahmatian

Volume 11, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 17971-17978

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.71925.5253

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are classified as upper or lower and can be asymptomatic or manifest fever, abdominal pain, sepsis, hematuria, and typical renal colic. Therefore, ... Read More

Clinical Course of Henoch–Schönlein Purpura in South East of Iran

Simin Sadeghi-Bojd; Alireza Teimouri; Vahid Sheikhi; Khadijeh Rashiodi Mehr

Volume 11, Issue 5 , May 2023, , Pages 17729-17738

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.71263.5229

Abstract

Background: The most prevalent form of systemic vasculitis in children is Henoch–Schönlein Purpura (HSP), also known as IgA vasculitis, with different manifestations. This ... Read More

Prevalence of Epilepsy among Iranian Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Behzad Darabi; Mehdi Shokri; Aryoobarzan Rahmatian

Volume 11, Issue 5 , May 2023, , Pages 17807-17817

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.71575.5237

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy is known as a periodic and severe disturbance in the nervous system, resulting from abnormal discharge of brain cells. Epilepsy is characterized by unexplained ... Read More

Prevalence of Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Behzad Darabi; Mahsa Rizehbandi; Mehdi Shokri; Fariba Shokri; Elham Bastani

Volume 11, Issue 4 , April 2023, , Pages 17673-17684

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.71235.5226

Abstract

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the skin diseases, which is characterized as a chronic inflammation of the skin with itchy red rashes. This systematic review study was ... Read More

Validity of Three Formulas for Measuring Endotracheal Tube Insertion Depth in Children under Mechanical Ventilation

Narges Keshvarparast; Nemat Bilan; Farinaz Amirikar

Volume 11, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 17463-17469

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2023.66353.4989

Abstract

Background: In the process of intubation, inappropriate placement of the endotracheal tube can lead to hypoxemia, aspiration, insufficient ventilation, atelectasis, barotrauma and pneumothorax. ... Read More Background: In the process of intubation, inappropriate placement of the endotracheal tube can lead to hypoxemia, aspiration, insufficient ventilation, atelectasis, barotrauma and pneumothorax. The above complications may be difficult for a patient with severe disease to tolerate; especially when inappropriate placement is not detected by the specialist in the initial evaluation and the diagnosis lasts until the confirmatory chest x-ray is performed. This study evaluated the validity of three formulas in measuring the depth of endotracheal intubation in children under mechanical ventilation.Methods: 60 intubated children aged 2 months to 12 years were included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into three study groups. Endotracheal tube length for each patient was calculated on the basis of the endotracheal tube length formulas (12 + age (years) / 2; endotracheal tube diameter * 3; and 5 + height (cm) / 10). The ideal depth of the endotracheal tube based on chest x-ray was measured as the median distance between the first thoracic vertebra (T1) and the carina in cm. The distance between the ideal depth of the endotracheal tube and the end location of the endotracheal tube was also measured and recorded.Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.90 months and 58.3% of them were boys. The most common indication for intubation was pneumonia, along with respiratory distress (33.3%). Considering the difference in endotracheal tube depth between the two values calculated using the formula and chest X-ray equal to± 0.5 cm, formula 12 + (2 / age) in 55% of patients, formula 3 * endotracheal tube length in 70% patients and formula 5 + (10 / height) in 85% of patients, were correctly estimated endotracheal tube length. On the other hand, it was observed that in 15%, 45% and 40% of the patients, the formula predicted the correct length of the endotracheal tube for correct intubation without any difference while compared to the chest X-ray. In evaluating the results obtained from the formula and length of the endotracheal tube measured by chest X-ray, it was also observed that the formulas 12 + (2 / age), 3 * length of the endotracheal tube and 5 + (10 / height) were significantly correlated with CXR.Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the formulas used to estimate the depth of endotracheal tube placement in children have low accuracies compared to the gold standard of measurement (chest X-ray). Of course, in comparison to the three formulas (height, weight and diameter of the ETT), the height formula was more accurate than others.

Epiglottitis Caused by COVID-19 Infection in a Four-Year-Old Boy

Mehran Karimi; Abdolhamid Jafari nodoushan; Seyed Javad Sayedi; Ali Shahzeidi

Volume 11, Issue 2 , February 2023, , Pages 17438-17442

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.59266.4618

Abstract

Background: Epiglottitis is an inflammatory disease involving the epiglottis, vallecula, arytenoid cartilage, and aryepiglottic wrinkles. Acute epiglottitis is relatively rare, but ... Read More Background: Epiglottitis is an inflammatory disease involving the epiglottis, vallecula, arytenoid cartilage, and aryepiglottic wrinkles. Acute epiglottitis is relatively rare, but it can quickly lead to a life-threatening airway obstruction. Diagnosis of epiglottitis is clinical, but radiography and direct vision of the epiglottis can also help with the diagnosis. Clinical manifestations of epiglottitis include fever, sore throat, and in the event of imminent airway obstruction, symptoms of muffled sound, falls, tripod position, and stridor might be presented as well. Epiglottitis can be caused by some bacterial agents or viruses such as adenovirus and measles. COVID-19 was first detected in December 2019 in a group of patients with severe respiratory symptoms in Hubei Province, China. Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, difficulty breathing, and loss of smell and taste. Although COVID-19 disease has a variety of manifestations, only one case of epiglottitis following COVID-19 disease has been reported in adults. However, no cases of epiglottitis have been reported in children with COVID-19. Case presentation: The patient, a 4-year-old boy, came to our center and the patient's family complained about shortness of breath and progressive lethargy of the child from 10 days ago. Since last week, he had been sleeping in a sitting position due to the aggravation of shortness of breath. On physical examination, respiratory distress, tachypnea, subcostal retraction, tail stridor, and crackle was heard in both lungs. Diagnosed with suspected bronchoscopy epiglottitis; and a large, swollen, and cherry-red epiglottis was observed. Based on the patient's history of respiratory symptoms and the prevalence of COVID-19, a reverse pharyngeal polymerase (RT-PCR) transcript test was requested for COVID-19 and the COVID-19 infection was positive. The patient was intubated due to decreased oxygen scorching and was treated with antibiotics due to the diagnosis of epiglottitis and recovered. Conclusion: In this article, we reported the case of a 4-year-old child with epiglottitis in the context of COVID19. To the best of our knowledge, no case of epiglottitis had been, previously, reported in children with COVID19. Therefore, in our opinion, epiglottitis can probably be one of the manifestations of COVID19 in children.

Assessment of the Initial Clinical Presentations of Patients with Celiac Disease

Seyed Ali Jafari; Atefeh Aatarian; Hamidreza Kianifar; Mohammadali Kiani; Maryam Khalesi; Forough Rakhshanizadeh

Volume 10, Issue 12 , December 2022, , Pages 17127-17134

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.69054.5114

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of celiac disease, which is gastrointestinal enteropathy, is increasing. This study aimed to assess the clinical presentations of celiac disease in children. Methods: ... Read More

The Relationship between Development Indices and Children’s Growth Among Under 12-Month-Old Children in Markazi Province, Iran

Javad Nazari; Hamid Dalvand; Reyhane Mikaeliyan; Mobin Naghshbandi; Yeganeh Karimi; Payam Amini; Amir Almasi-Hashiani

Volume 10, Issue 11 , November 2022, , Pages 16941-16950

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.66038.4970

Abstract

Background: The factors affecting children’s growth and development have been discussed in various research studies. This study evaluates the association between growth and development ... Read More

Cut off Value for Parathormone Level in Children with Vitamin D Deficiency

Sara Badipour; Morteza Alijanpour Aghamaleki; shima Soleimani Amiri; Maryam Nikpour; Mahmud hajiahmadi

Volume 10, Issue 11 , November 2022, , Pages 16960-16968

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.66922.5012

Abstract

Background: When serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) D] decreases, intact Parathormone (iPTH) level increases compensatory. This study aimed to determine the cut off value for ... Read More

Effects of Physical Activity on Psychosocial Distress among Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Mediating Role of Resilience

Zahra Chaharbaghi; Elay Janamoo Berenj Abadi; Jamshid Ramzani; Esmail Dangesareki

Volume 10, Issue 11 , November 2022, , Pages 16984-16991

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65119.4919

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity level on psychosocial distress among children during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the mediating ... Read More

The Impact of Parental Socioeconomic Status and Physical Activity on Motor Competence of Children with ADHD

Malihe Naeimikia; Maryam Abdoshahi; Amin Gholami

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2022, , Pages 16766-16773

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.66193.4980

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have shown that parental socioeconomic status directly affects the participation of children in physical activities and consequently the improvement in ... Read More Background: Previous studies have shown that parental socioeconomic status directly affects the participation of children in physical activities and consequently the improvement in their motor competencies. Nevertheless, this issue has been less studied in children with ADHD. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the associations between parental socioeconomic status and motor competence considering physical activity as a mediator. Methods: The present study followed a descriptive-correlational approach using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population of the study included 86 male students diagnosed with ADHD (mean age of 8.36±1.07) who attended in a special school in Tehran. Short-Form Bruininks-Oseretsky Battery, Parental Socioeconomic Status Scale, and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and structural equation modelling were used for investigating the relationships between the research variables. Results: The mean BMI of the participants was 16.9±1.84, placing the BMI-for-age at the 70-percentile indicating that they have healthy weights. Children in this study were in the lower-average level of motor competence (e.g., balance, upper limb coordination, and strength), their parents were mostly at medium level of socioeconomic status, and the physical activity level of the children was lower than average (M=2.23). In addition, parental socioeconomic status positively affected motor competence (T=6.862) and physical activity (T=5.151), and physical activity positively impacted motor competence (T=5.593). Conclusion: Low amounts of physical activity in our sample make it necessary to find out appropriate factors and strategies to enhance it in children with ADHD. According to our findings, education and income of parents along with the children’s participation in physical activity may be critical concerns for their health.

The Effects of Melatonin Treatment on Chronic Insomnia in 1–3-Year-Old Children Undergoing Behavior Therapy

Shabnam Jalilolghadr; Khatereh Khamenehpour

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2022, , Pages 16774-16785

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65835.4963

Abstract

Background: Melatonin is effective as a treatment option for sleep disorders in children. Parents can develop positive sleep habits in children through behavior therapy. This study ... Read More

The Association between Serum Lactate Level and Hospital Outcome in Children with Multi-Trauma

Amir Hossein Jafari-Rouhi; Pari Gasemzadeh; Asghar Jafari-Rouhi; Maryam Khamene; Leila Vahedi

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2022, , Pages 16794-16802

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.54913.4331

Abstract

Background: Trauma is an important cause of disability and death in young people. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum lactate level and in-hospital mortality ... Read More

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Pathogen Escherichia Coli in Children with Urinary Tract Infection

Sapideh Bagheri; Alireza Ghodsi; AbdolKarim Hamedi

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2022, , Pages 16811-16816

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.66983.5014

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is a serious condition that should be treated promptly and properly to prevent further complications. The most common causative ... Read More

Effects of the Social Climate of the Physical Education Class on Children’s Participation in Physical Activities: The Mediating Role of Relatedness

Sara Bagheri; Elay Janamoo Berenj Abadi; Maryam Mirshekari; Maria Jafari

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2022, , Pages 16837-16843

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65277.4924

Abstract

Background: Positive social climate can influence academic performance, satisfactory cognitive and emotional results, and higher sport commitment. However, the social climate within ... Read More

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Tranquillisation Tales on Children's Psychological Well-Being and Aggression

Elham Fallahmanesh

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2022, , Pages 16869-16879

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.55568.4374

Abstract

Background: Story therapy can be used as an effective method in cognitive-behavioral therapy for children. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of tranquillisation ... Read More

Volume 13 (2025)

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Keywords = Children

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