Changes in Self-Care, Treatment Adherence, and Renal Function in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Articles in Press

Document Type : original article

Authors

1 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Bu'ali Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

2 Department of Pediatrics

3 Professor of Health Education and Promotion, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

10.22038/jpp.2025.92029.5606

Abstract

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic and progressive disease that requires continuous care and management. Self-care and treatment adherence play crucial roles in the effective management of these patients, particularly in children. The present study aimed to assess the status and changes of self-care, treatment adherence, and renal function indicators in children with CF.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, 30 children with CF were evaluated on an outpatient basis at two time points: baseline and six months later. Data on nutritional self-care and treatment adherence were collected using validated questionnaires. Laboratory indicators including serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood glucose, and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio were measured. Parametric statistical tests and linear mixed-effects regression models were applied for data analysis.

Results: The mean self-care score significantly declined over the six-month period (p = 0.024), while treatment adherence showed no significant change (p = 0.787). Serum creatinine (p = 0.019) and blood glucose (p = 0.009) levels increased significantly, whereas eGFR decreased (p = 0.003). Time was the only variable that had a significant effect on eGFR and creatinine (p < 0.05); self-care and treatment adherence scores had no significant impact. A significant negative correlation was observed between self-care and the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (r = −0.508, p < 0.01).

Conclusion: The observed decline in self-care and renal function among children with CF over time highlights the need for structured, multidimensional, and long-term interventions aimed at improving self-care and treatment adherence. Regular monitoring of renal function is also recommended for these patients.

Keywords

Journal of Pediatric Perspectives

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 25 November 2025

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